Sunday, October 26, 2008

The Electoral College Map (10/27/08)

A candidate's home state is supposed to be safe, right? Arkansas turned red once Bill Clinton was out of the picture. Texas has always had someone on one of the tickets -- save 1996 -- but usually on the Republican ticket. The Bushes account for most of those and they swung Texas -- not that it really needed any swinging. Oh, and Tennessee was a vital part of Al Gore's coalition of states that he won in 2000. No, wait, I just got a call from the Gore folks. They actually lost Tennessee, but wanted me to remind everyone reading that they did win the popular vote nationally in that election.

Well, what does this have to do with anything anyway? Alaska, Arizona, Delaware and Illinois are all safe states; the former two for the Republicans and the latter two for the Democrats. Yeah, Alaska looked close for a while before the Palin selection and Arizona turned in a single digit margin or two along the way. Likewise, Illinois and Delaware went without polling for the longest time and were never really at risk for the Democrats in a favorable political climate.

New Polls (Oct. 26)
StatePollMargin
Arizona
Marketing Intelligence
+2
Arizona
Project New West
+4
Georgia
Mason-Dixon/NBC
+6
Iowa
Mason-Dixon-NBC
+11
Iowa
Research 2000
+15
Missouri
Mason-Dixon/NBC
+1
New Hampshire
Univ. of New Hampshire
+15
Ohio
Univ. of Akron
+3.7
Virginia
Public Policy Polling
+9
West Virginia
Research 2000/Daily Kos
+6
Wisconsin
Rasmussen
+7

But that changed today. Two new polls out of Arizona showed the race in the Grand Canyon state still favoring McCain, but within the margin of error. And the indications out of Arizona State University's polling outfit, from which a new poll is due out tomorrow, are that last month's eight point margin will have shrunk in this month's survey. So much for home states being safe. Arizona is still very much within the strong McCain category, but it has suddenly shot up the rankings to a spot right behind Georgia. In other words, it is just one state and about three and a quarter points from being a lean state for the Arizona senator. Even though, the state more than likely safe, this is certainly a trend chock full of symbolism. And not the good kind of symbolism either. This is more ominous for the GOP's 2008 standard bearer.
[Click Map to Enlarge]

The Grand Canyon state wasn't the only state to be heard from today though. There was another tight poll in Georgia, a fairly large lead for Obama in New Hampshire and another mid-single digit margin out of West Virginia. But I'll focus on the three toss up states that had new polls out today. In Virginia, there was yet another Obama lead well outside of the margin of error. The Old Dominion is now within half a point of moving into the Obama lean category and if polling like this continues that average will have passed three points sooner rather than later.

The new University of Akron poll in Ohio had Obama up nearly four points, but was in the field in two parts (one, a continued panel survey from earlier in the year and another, just simply a new survey) from the last week of September up through mid-October. So, that one may not join the lower of the two groups of polling results that emerged from the Buckeye state this past week.

Finally, Missouri just looks close. The margin in the Show-Me state is and will likely be within the margin of error from now until election day. Regardless of whether it is a one point lead for McCain or Obama, Missouri is close, but still on the McCain side of the partisan line. But it is on the Watch List to potentially turn blue should polling in the state break toward the Illinois senator in any meaningful over the last nine days of the race.

The Electoral College Spectrum*
HI-4
(7)**
ME-4
(157)
NH-4
(264/278)
ND-3
(160)
LA-9
(67)
VT-3
(10)
NJ-15
(172)
CO-9***
(273/274)
WV-5
(157)
KY-8
(58)
IL-21
(31)
OR-7
(179)
VA-13
(286/265)
GA-15
(152)
KS-6
(50)
NY-31
(62)
WA-11
(190)
OH-20
(306/252)
AZ-10
(137)
TN-11
(44)
RI-4
(66)
IA-7
(197)
NV-5
(311/232)
SD-3
(127)
NE-5
(33)
MD-10
(76)
MN-10
(207)
FL-27
(338/227)
MS-6
(124)
AL-9
(28)
MA-12
(88)
PA-21
(228)
MO-11
(349/200)
TX-34
(118)
WY-3
(19)
DE-3
(91)
WI-10
(238)
IN-11
(360/189)
AK-3
(84)
ID-4
(16)
CT-7
(98)
NM-5
(243)
NC-15
(375/178)
AR-6
(81)
OK-7
(12)
CA-55
(153)
MI-17
(260)
MT-3
(163)
SC-8
(75)
UT-5
(5)
*Follow the link for a detailed explanation on how to read the Electoral College Spectrum.
**The numbers in the parentheses refer to the number of electoral votes a candidate would have if he won all the states ranked prior to that state. If, for example, McCain won all the states up to and including Colorado (all Obama's toss up states plus Colorado), he would have 274 electoral votes. Both candidates numbers are only totaled through their rival's toss up states. In those cases, Obama's number is on the left and McCain's is on the right in italics.

***
Colorado is the state where Obama crosses (or McCain would cross) the 270 electoral vote threshold to win the presidential election. That line is referred to as the victory line. It is currently favoring Obama, thus the blue text in that cell.

Still, none of these polls did anything to in anyway change the electoral vote distribution on the map above. Obama continues to hold 338-200 advantage over McCain. And as we enter the final full work week before the election -- a week that will see Obama on TV Wednesday night before the nation -- the "I" word cannot be that far from being broken out. I don't like talking about inevitability, but to not talk about it in the context of a couple (and maybe one more) of polls showing a much closer race in Arizona, is a mistake. I like competition as much as the next guy -- and wouldn't mind seeing the 2008 election throw us all another curveball -- but we may be better served heading into this week talking about the effects these poll numbers may have on turnout and the final margin on November 4.

I've got one scenario analysis in the works from Scott that I'll roll out as the week moves on. It doesn't directly get at the sorts of things I'm angling at, but it does give us some further insight into why we are seeing what we are seeing from the McCain campaign from a strategic standpoint currently.

The Watch List*
StateSwitch
Coloradofrom Obama lean
to Toss Up Obama
Floridafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Georgiafrom Strong McCain
to McCain lean
Michigan
from Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Missourifrom Toss Up McCain
to Toss Up Obama
Montanafrom McCain lean
to Toss Up McCain
New Mexicofrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Virginiafrom Toss Up Obama
to Obama lean
*Weighted Average within a fraction of a point of changing categories.

It seems silly to keep harping on it, but Missouri and Florida are still the states to watch when new polling is out. They are the states who's electoral votes would most likely switch sides of the partisan line. You can add in Virginia to the mix as well, but the Old Dominion is threatening to move into the Obama lean category. One thing is for sure, we'll likely have a lot to sift through tomorrow, including another round of battleground polling from Rasmussen in the late afternoon and of course, that Arizona State/Cronkite poll from the Grand Canyon state.

Nine days left.


Recent Posts:
The Electoral College Map (10/26/08)

Early Voting and McCain's Home-Stretch Strategy

The Electoral College Map (10/25/08)

Saturday, October 25, 2008

The Electoral College Map (10/26/08)

Like Friday, Saturday brought a surprising amount of polling and that was after a slow start to the day. Well, it must be crunch time in the race for the White House. It is and we have a pretty clear picture of where the battle will be over the next ten days of this campaign. [Wow! We'll be in the single digits after tomorrow.] Only a handful of those states were represented in the 11 news polls out of 11 states. Missouri once again showed a one point lead for Barack Obama. The Show-Me state has drawn much closer over the last week and while it is on the verge of turning blue (It is on the Watch List below, for example.), it still leans slightly toward Arizona senator, John McCain.

New Polls (Oct. 25)
StatePollMargin
Arkansas
Research 2000/Daily Kos
+11
Colorado
Rocky Mtn. News
+12
Illinois
Research 2000
+24
Minnesota
St. Cloud St.
+5
Missouri
Research 2000
+1
New Jersey
Marist
+17
New York
Marist
+36
Ohio
Univ. of Cincinnati
+3
Pennsylvania
Muhlenberg College
+12
South Dakota
Research 2000/Daily Kos
+9
Tennessee
Research 2000/Daily Kos
+16

Colorado and Ohio were also among the targeted few states that had polls released on Saturday. [I almost said "among the toss up states," but Colorado isn't a toss up state anymore. It is receiving a fair amount of attention from the McCain campaign, though.] The Centennial state continues to move away from the Arizona senator and that Rocky Mountain News survey's 12 point margin matched the largest margin in a poll of the state all year. Of course, that one was a McCain lead way back in April, but the new one has swung 24 points toward Obama. To put things in perspective a bit, Rocky Mountain News' last poll right before the Democratic convention had McCain up by three points. That's pretty indicative of how things have gone for John McCain since the economic crisis began.

In Ohio the situation is similar. No, the margin in the University of Cincinnati's poll wasn't the biggest we have seen in Ohio during this cycle, but that three point advantage is the continuation of a trend in that series of polls toward Obama. The initial poll from the firm gave McCain a four point lead in the week after the Republican convention in St. Paul and then grew to 6 points a week later. The first October poll showed that McCain was holding onto a decreasing lead (two points), one that has now turned into a three point Obama lead. So, while this poll is far below what we have seen from some other polls from the Buckeye state this week, it is representative of a nearly ten point shift toward Obama in the time since the Lehman collapse.
[Click Map to Enlarge]

And that's basically the story of the last month of this race in the toss up states -- current and former. Everything else on Saturday was pretty much par for the course. The Marist poll out of New York was a bigger margin than might otherwise have been expected, but the Empire state isn't going anywhere anyway. The rest of the notable data from the day was from the northern plains/prairie. South Dakota turned in yet another single digit McCain lead; the second time this week. But the Mount Rushmore state is probably safely red for John McCain except for the fact that the state will likely be much closer for McCain than it was four years ago for George W. Bush. To the east, in Minnesota, St. Cloud State University weighed in with its first poll of the cycle. And at five points in favor of Obama, the margin was much lower than what we have seen out of the North Star state over the last week or so. A big reason for that may have to do with the large number of undecided voters in the sample (12%). That's a wee bit high considering there are but 10 days left in the race.

The Electoral College Spectrum*
HI-4
(7)**
ME-4
(157)
NH-4
(264/278)
ND-3
(160)
LA-9
(67)
VT-3
(10)
NJ-15
(172)
CO-9***
(273/274)
WV-5
(157)
KY-8
(58)
IL-21
(31)
OR-7
(179)
VA-13
(286/265)
GA-15
(152)
KS-6
(50)
NY-31
(62)
WA-11
(190)
OH-20
(306/252)
SD-3
(137)
TN-11
(44)
RI-4
(66)
IA-7
(197)
NV-5
(311/232)
MS-6
(134)
NE-5
(33)
MD-10
(76)
MN-10
(207)
FL-27
(338/227)
TX-34
(128)
AL-9
(28)
MA-12
(88)
WI-10
(217)
MO-11
(349/200)
AK-3
(94)
WY-3
(19)
DE-3
(91)
PA-21
(238)
IN-11
(360/189)
AR-6
(91)
ID-4
(16)
CT-7
(98)
NM-5
(243)
NC-15
(375/178)
SC-8
(85)
OK-7
(12)
CA-55
(153)
MI-17
(260)
MT-3
(163)
AZ-10
(77)
UT-5
(5)
*Follow the link for a detailed explanation on how to read the Electoral College Spectrum.
**The numbers in the parentheses refer to the number of electoral votes a candidate would have if he won all the states ranked prior to that state. If, for example, McCain won all the states up to and including Colorado (all Obama's toss up states plus Colorado), he would have 274 electoral votes. Both candidates numbers are only totaled through their rival's toss up states. In those cases, Obama's number is on the left and McCain's is on the right in italics.

***
Colorado is the state where Obama crosses (or McCain would cross) the 270 electoral vote threshold to win the presidential election. That line is referred to as the victory line. It is currently favoring Obama, thus the blue text in that cell.

Shake ups aside, there just wasn't enough movement as a result of adding these polls to our averages to push any of the states into different categories much less shift any state across the partisan line on the Electoral College Spectrum. With ten days left, then, the electoral vote tally still stands at 338-200 for Barack Obama. Florida is the closest state currently in blue, but it would require a seven point margin in the very next poll to swing the Sunshine state back into the red. On the other side of the partisan lie, Missouri is the closest of the red states at the moment. For the Show-Me state to turn blue, Obama would need an 11 point lead out of the next poll. In both cases, the magic number seems a bit too high to be feasible. But the momentum in both states is trending toward Obama and while an 11 point poll out of Missouri seems unlikely, a continued series of smaller Obama leads could also shift the state into the blue. There is no early voting in Missouri, so both campaigns have an opportunity to make last pitches to Missourians to tweak their positions there relative to each other.

The Watch List*
StateSwitch
Coloradofrom Obama lean
to Toss Up Obama
Floridafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Georgiafrom Strong McCain
to McCain lean
Michigan
from Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Missourifrom Toss Up McCain
to Toss Up Obama
Montanafrom McCain lean
to Toss Up McCain
New Mexicofrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Virginiafrom Toss Up Obama
to Obama lean
*Weighted Average within a fraction of a point of changing categories.

Missouri was the only state on the Watch List (those states most likely to change categories) to have a new poll released on Saturday, and really, the Show-Me state along with Florida are the states to watch most closely every day. They are the states where category changes have electoral votes switching sides involved.

Ten days left.


Recent Posts:
Early Voting and McCain's Home-Stretch Strategy

The Electoral College Map (10/25/08)

The Electoral College Map (10/24/08)

Early Voting and McCain's Home-Stretch Strategy

In the comments section this morning, SarahLawrenceScott brought up what I think is a major reason or why we are seeing what we are seeing from the McCain campaign from a strategic standpoint lately. Why let it come out that you are potentially pulling out of Colorado? Well, for starters, it telegraphs where they are focusing, or have to focus: Pennsylvania. But why target Pennsylvania instead of Colorado? The latter looks closer now than the former -- at least by FHQ's measure.

Well, here's what Scott had to say:

"I just came up with what I think may be the explanation for a lot of what seems to be irrational behavior by the McCain campaign in their choice of states to allocate resources to.

Think, for a moment, what is the most likely victory scenario for McCain in terms of electoral votes. Just move up the Electoral College Spectrum until you get to 270?

No. The problem is that some of those states have already voted in large numbers. For McCain to win, he has to have the state of the race change nationally. But if that change occurs late (say, something equivalent to the Bin Laden tape of 2004 the weekend before the election), then its effect is tempered in early voting states.

Here's the map of states with early voting:

[Click Map to Enlarge]

McCain's best chance of winning is to get some of the states on Obama's side of the partisan line that don't have early voting.

Those are:

MN, WI, VA, MI, DE, PA, NY, CT, RI, MA, and NH.

Start by throwing out the deepest of the blue states. Now we've got, in reverse order of their position on the spectrum,

VA, NH, MI, PA, WI, and MN.

Looks an awful lot like where McCain is concentrating his resources, doesn't it?

The one exception there is Michigan. And if they're actually thinking things through (which I admit doesn't seem to be the case), then in the event of one more game-changer they can sweep into Michigan and try to launch a surprise attack of sorts. McCain has enough resources to do that in one largish state, and in the mean time he can save money and resources by leaving it off the list.

The other mystery is why he seems so fixated on Iowa. That I can't understand.

But at least this explains why the interest in Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and even Ohio seems a little tepid. McCain needs to defend his states up through Florida, early voting or no (and thus we do see plenty of activity in North Carolina and Florida). That brings him to 227. Assume a major game-changer in the last week. He now adds the non-early-voting states of Virginia, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania. He's at 265. McCain now wins if he can somehow pick off Nevada or Ohio (early voting, but pretty close), or Michigan (no early voting, but would need a last minute blitz).

It's a long shot, but that's the point. To win, McCain has to assume something crazy goes his way, and then be ready to capitalize on it if it does. Going after Pennsylvania, rather than the western states, is the best way to do that.

So the football analogy is no longer the hail Mary pass. Now it's down by 16 with under a minute to go and no time outs. If you can score a touchdown, the plan is clearly to go for a two point conversion. Not because that's the high percentage play--in fact, it's likely to make the defeat worse in point terms. But because if lightning strikes (in the analogy, recovering an onside kick), then at least you're poised to take advantage of it.

That's hypothesis one. Hypothesis two is that they're just clueless."

This is the exact same conclusion we came to yesterday in our weekly campaign discussion group meeting. I absolutely reject the notion that the typically top-notch campaign strategists the GOP has in its fold are clueless. They just don't have a favorable political climate in which to operate and that makes message consistency that much more difficult. We have to look no further than four years ago to see a similar contrast in message consistency. John Kerry never to did find the proper balance on how to deal with the Iraq war just as McCain has been back-peddling since the economic crisis hit. As Scott says, an early voting strategy is a long shot, but if the polls we have seen lately are accurate, then that is all the McCain campaign really has.

Good stuff, Scott. Thanks. I should also extend a thank you to Rich Clark who brought this to my attention yesterday.

Credit where credit is due: The map comes to us courtesy of Wikipedia (plus some FHQ alterations).


Recent Posts:
The Electoral College Map (10/25/08)

The Electoral College Map (10/24/08)

While You Wait for the New Map, Here's a...Map

Friday, October 24, 2008

The Electoral College Map (10/25/08)

I had trouble pulling myself away from the Frontline biography [The Choice 2008] on McCain and Obama long enough to write this. Alas, I managed, and if you're interested, the Frontline special is linked above. [Good stuff.]

And the Friday polls? Well, for once a Friday was actually a pretty good day for polling releases. Typically, we've seen the number of polls drop off significantly on Friday, and while there was a decrease compared to Thursday's massive release, to have 19 polls to end the work week gives us something to examine heading into the weekend.

New Polls (Oct. 24)
StatePollMargin
Alabama
Capital Survey Research Center
+20
Florida
Strategic Vision
+2
Florida
Insider Advantage
+1
Georgia
Strategic Vision
+6
Georgia
Insider Advantage
+1
Iowa
Rasmussen
+8
Kentucky
Research 2000
+16
Massachusetts
Suffolk
+19
Michigan
EPIC/MRA
+14
New Hampshire
Rasmussen
+4
North Carolina
Winthrop/ETV
+0.4
North Carolina
Rasmussen
+2
Ohio
Strategic Vision
+3
OhioInsider Advantage
+10
OhioPublic Policy Polling
+7
OregonRiley
+14
PennsylvaniaStrategic Vision
+7
South Carolina
Winthrop/ETV
+20.2
Virginia
Winthrop/ETV
+1

The question of the day? Was the polling any better on Friday than it was on Thursday for John McCain? The short answer is yes. There weren't any Indianas or Montanas in the blue and Iowa and New Hampshire, at first glance, looked much closer than they have been recently. A closer look shows us that while both were tighter than they had been compared to other polling of late, there were differing results compared to the last poll conducted by the same firm in those states. The previous time Rasmussen surveyed both Iowa and New Hampshire, Iowa showed the exact same 8 point margin for Barack Obama as September turned into October.

The Illinois senator's margin in New Hampshire, however, dropped six points from 10 t0 4 over the same period. Of all the states, New Hampshire seems to be one that moves the most in conjunction with how the national polls are trending. But that may not be the case here. John McCain has a base of support among the independents in the Granite state dating back to his 2000 run for the Republican nomination, and it could be, though I can't confirm this on Rasmussen's site [The toplines from the last poll aren't up anymore. When and if they reappear, I'll check.], that the few undecideds have decided to line up behind McCain. We don't have the October 1 toplines, but the previous Rasmussen poll of the Granite state shows the same number of undecideds during the last week of September as there are now, 3%. So, that may not be the reason the margin has closed.

[Click Map to Enlarge]

Outside of those two instances of McCain gains, the rest of the day was kind of a mixed bag. Sure, Obama was up a point in the latest Insider Advantage poll in Georgia (Yes, Georgia! I wouldn't mind seeing the Peach state get competitive. It's good for business.), but that was balanced out by the six point advantage McCain had there in the Strategic Vision poll. Still, even if the former is disregarded, that six point edge for McCain is smaller than the lead had earlier in the month. And it should also be noted that Insider Advantage has periodically had Georgia much closer than the other polls of the state throughout this election year. It was a couple of polls earlier in the summer from the organization -- +1 and +2 for McCain -- that raised the possibility that Georgia could be in play. Yes, that talk had been around since Obama's Super Tuesday victory in the state, but those two polls certainly didn't hurt that perception, giving them some actual independent polling evidence of the potential closeness. At this time though, it looks like Georgia is still out of Obama's grasp.

The Electoral College Spectrum*
HI-4
(7)**
ME-4
(157)
NH-4
(264/278)
ND-3
(160)
LA-9
(67)
VT-3
(10)
OR-7
(164)
CO-9***
(273/274)
WV-5
(157)
KY-8
(58)
IL-21
(31)
NJ-15
(179)
VA-13
(286/265)
GA-15
(152)
KS-6
(50)
RI-4
(35)
WA-11
(190)
OH-20
(306/252)
SD-3
(137)
TN-11
(44)
MD-10
(45)
IA-7
(197)
NV-5
(311/232)
MS-6
(134)
NE-5
(33)
MA-12
(57)
MN-10
(207)
FL-27
(338/227)
TX-34
(128)
AL-9
(28)
NY-31
(88)
WI-10
(217)
MO-11
(349/200)
AK-3
(94)
WY-3
(19)
DE-3
(91)
PA-21
(238)
IN-11
(360/189)
SC-8
(91)
ID-4
(16)
CT-7
(98)
NM-5
(243)
NC-15
(375/178)
AZ-10
(83)
OK-7
(12)
CA-55
(153)
MI-17
(260)
MT-3
(163)
AR-6
(73)
UT-5
(5)
*Follow the link for a detailed explanation on how to read the Electoral College Spectrum.
**The numbers in the parentheses refer to the number of electoral votes a candidate would have if he won all the states ranked prior to that state. If, for example, McCain won all the states up to and including Colorado (all Obama's toss up states plus Colorado), he would have 274 electoral votes. Both candidates numbers are only totaled through their rival's toss up states. In those cases, Obama's number is on the left and McCain's is on the right in italics.

***
Colorado is the state where Obama crosses (or McCain would cross) the 270 electoral vote threshold to win the presidential election. That line is referred to as the victory line. It is currently favoring Obama, thus the blue text in that cell.

There was a similar canceling effect with the Ohio polls of the day as well. On the one hand, Insider Advantage's survey of the Buckeye state confirmed the double digit margins in the Quinnipiac and Big Ten polls a day earlier. But on the other, Strategic Vision showed a 3 point McCain lead. That's a pretty big margin, but we have seen this in Ohio before. [Within a week of each other late in July, PPP and Rasmussen had polls showing an 8 point Obama lead and a 10 point McCain lead respectively.] The late-night release of the PPP poll carves out a nice position between the two other Ohio polls of the day at seven points. My intuition tells me that even that is a bit high, but is indicative of the shift toward Obama since the Lehman collapse triggered the economic bailout situation on Captiol Hill.

The Watch List*
StateSwitch
Coloradofrom Obama lean
to Toss Up Obama
Floridafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Georgiafrom Strong McCain
to McCain lean
Michigan
from Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Missourifrom Toss Up McCain
to Toss Up Obama
Montanafrom McCain lean
to Toss Up McCain
New Mexicofrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Virginiafrom Toss Up Obama
to Obama lean
*Weighted Average within a fraction of a point of changing categories.

But on a good Friday poll day, nothing changed on the map and little else changed in the rankings reflected in the Electoral College Spectrum. Georgia did move enough to be added to the Watch List, but the Peach state isn't likely to move any more than into the McCain lean category between now and election day. FHQ's measures aside, for Georgia to move into the blue on November 4, it would take something on the order of a 10 point win nationally for the Illinois senator. I suppose that could happen, but we rarely see such resounding victories in presidential elections, especially, as Seth Masket has continually cautioned, since this is an "open seat" presidential election. In those situations, the losing candidate is typically able to get to at least 45% of the vote. That would put ten points as the ceiling on what a winning candidate can achieve.

Finally, Nevada also moves off the Watch List for today. What? With no polls? Yeah, keep in mind that every state's average changes everyday now. That is because the weighting scheme is dependent upon the number of days since Super Tuesday to determine the weight of each poll conducted since that time. Nevada, as we said the other day, was a few thousandths of a point from moving off the list, and has gotten that fraction as the weighting has changed since.


Recent Posts:
The Electoral College Map (10/24/08)

While You Wait for the New Map, Here's a...Map

The Electoral College Map (10/23/08)

The Electoral College Map (10/24/08)

All that polling Thursday and what do we have to show for it? A lot of blue, that's what. Thursday was not (I repeat, NOT) a good day polling-wise for the McCain campaign. You know it is bad when Montana is blue in a poll this late in the game and Indiana is giving Obama ten points in another. Now, these are individual polls, so as is FHQ's custom, we don't like to overreact to anything other than a clear trend. I'm hesitant to jump on board with the assertion at FiveThirtyEight yesterday that these polls are manufactured to a certain extent to play into the pollsters' perceptions of where each state is in a national context. [And I'm sure Nate was saying that just to get suckers like me to link to the post.] Some other outlets for electoral college analyses have those states and others, like Ohio, shifting in a big way toward Obama. In all three cases, there were consequential shifts for those three states, but by our measure, there was no line-crossing action. However, each of the three either moved on or off the Watch List (see below).

New Polls (Oct. 23)
StatePollMargin
Arkansas
University of Arkansas
+15
California
PPIC
+23
Florida
Quinnipiac
+5
Florida
St. Pete Times/Miami Herald
+7
Georgia
Rasmussen
+5
Illinois
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+29
Indiana
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+10
Indiana
Survey USA
+4
Iowa
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+13
Kansas
Survey USA
+12
Louisiana
Rasmussen
+16
Maine
Critical Insights
+21
Michigan
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+22
MinnesotaNational Journal
+10
MinnesotaBig Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+19
MinnesotaRasmussen
+15
Montana
Montana State Univ.
+4
Ohio
Quinnipiac
+14
Ohio
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+12
Pennsylvania
National Journal
+10
Pennsylvania
Quinnipiac
+13
Pennsylvania
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+11
PennsylvaniaSurvey USA
+12
TexasRasmussen
+10
WashingtonRasmussen
+11
Wisconsin
National Journal
+13
Wisconsin
Big Ten/Univ. of Wisc.
+13

There was also a lot made of the BigTen polls that came out of states in which the BigTen athletics conference schools are in. This was the set of polls that had that 10 point Obama margin in Indiana. That one along with the Ohio poll seemed extreme -- especially given how close this set of polls was just a month ago -- but I'm in agreement with Jack on this one. Other than those two, though, the rest just don't seem to be extreme outliers. And with Friday's Insider Advantage poll of Ohio also showing a double digit margin for Obama, the BigTen and Quinnipiac polls don't appear to be all that out of whack. On election day they may prove to have been off, but for this moment in time, that doesn't seem to be the case. First of all, we'll, as I often suggest, need more information to confirm or disprove the margins in these polls. [Strategic Vision, for example, disagrees with these three polls showing just a three point Obama McCain lead in the Buckeye state.] But we also see that our averages for these states did not cross into stronger categories for Obama. And, again, that underlines the power of including past polls in our averages because it tamps down the day to day volatility that polls like these trigger.

Changes (Oct. 23)
StateBeforeAfter
Pennsylvania
Obama lean
Strong Obama

Now that the FHQ electoral college methodology public service announcement is over, we can focus on the actual data. So what changed after all those polls, volatile or otherwise? Well, not too much on the map. Pennsylvania moved into the strong Obama category and the Keystone state's shift is the culmination of several weeks worth of polling that has pushed the state's average closer and closer to the double digit mark. Pennsylvania's position as the state for the McCain folks to target seems a bit misplaced in this context. And the reported -- and apparently falsely so -- move on the part of the McCain campaign to pull out of Colorado (and Iowa and New Mexico) really looks strange in light of Pennsylvania's current polling. As I said when Florida turned blue last week, it means something when a state moves here -- typically that it is a lasting move that will be difficult to reverse.

...especially with just eleven days left in the campaign.
[Click Map to Enlarge]

And while Pennsylvania is the only move of the day, it does increase the proportion of his electoral votes in that category to over 70%. [For the record, McCain's strong states make up 76% of the electoral vote share he has on the map above.] If Obama is safe in states with 238 electoral votes then the Illinois senator needs but 32 more to cross the 270 threshold. And the four Obama lean state do that without even factoring in which toss up states may or may not favor Obama.

The Electoral College Spectrum*
HI-4
(7)**
ME-4
(157)
NH-4
(264/278)
ND-3
(160)
LA-9
(67)
VT-3
(10)
NJ-15
(172)
CO-9***
(273/274)
WV-5
(157)
KY-8
(58)
IL-21
(31)
WA-11
(183)
VA-13
(286/265)
GA-15
(152)
KS-6
(50)
RI-4
(35)
OR-7
(190)
OH-20
(306/252)
SD-3
(137)
TN-11
(44)
MA-12
(47)
IA-7
(197)
NV-5
(311/232)
MS-6
(134)
NE-5
(33)
MD-10
(57)
MN-10
(207)
FL-27
(338/227)
TX-34
(128)
AL-9
(28)
NY-31
(88)
WI-10
(217)
MO-11
(349/200)
AK-3
(94)
WY-3
(19)
DE-3
(91)
PA-21
(238)
IN-11
(360/189)
SC-8
(91)
ID-4
(16)
CT-7
(98)
NM-5
(243)
NC-15
(375/178)
AZ-10
(83)
OK-7
(12)
CA-55
(153)
MI-17
(260)
MT-3
(163)
AR-6
(73)
UT-5
(5)
*Follow the link for a detailed explanation on how to read the Electoral College Spectrum.
**The numbers in the parentheses refer to the number of electoral votes a candidate would have if he won all the states ranked prior to that state. If, for example, McCain won all the states up to and including Colorado (all Obama's toss up states plus Colorado), he would have 274 electoral votes. Both candidates numbers are only totaled through their rival's toss up states. In those cases, Obama's number is on the left and McCain's is on the right in italics.

***
Colorado is the state where Obama crosses (or McCain would cross) the 270 electoral vote threshold to win the presidential election. That line is referred to as the victory line. It is currently favoring Obama, thus the blue text in that cell.

But since we're on the topic of toss up states, we may as well discuss them. The list of them remains the same, but some of the ordering on the Electoral College Spectrum (above) has changed. On the weight of a couple of (super-) favorable polls in Ohio, Obama's average lead in the Buckeye state is now above the one point mark. We discussed Nevada nearly making that distinction yesterday and Virginia has already passed that point, but now Ohio has joined them. The Buckeye state is now off the Watch List and is moving even more toward Obama.

Indiana was also a fairly big mover on Thursday. [Just to note, there is a difference in what we're talking about here in terms of the word move. In the Pennsylvania discussion, move meant changing categories, but in this context it refers to the repositioning on the Spectrum's rankings. Pennsylvania changed categories, but didn't actually move on the Spectrum. Indiana, however, didn't change categories but did shift in the rankings.] Sure, it just jumped North Carolina, but it went from being on the Watch List for a potential move into the McCain lean category to very nearly being on the list as a possibility to turn blue (It is only one one-thousandth of a point away from that distinction.). In our averages, that's a pretty big shift. But why did it jump North Carolina? The Tar Heel state has had a bunch of pro-Obama polls lately and has not really gone anywhere. Well, we spoke about how well our model did earlier, and here's where we talk about one of the drawbacks. The discrepancy in the number of polls between Indiana and North Carolina means that a state with fewer polls (Indiana) is more susceptible to bigger shifts given new and decidedly different polling information. The flip side is that North Carolina is being polled quite heavily right now and that if the current trajectory continues, the Tar Heel state will continue to move closer and closer to a tie (or to turning blue).

If Indiana has fewer polls than North Carolina, Montana has fewer polls than Indiana. The four point margin the Montana State poll gave Obama in the Treasure state pulled Montana onto the Watch List for a potential switch into the toss up McCain category. And though it was a pretty big shift within the average, Montana didn't change categories, but it did move from the upper end of the lean category to the lower end in a hurry.

The Watch List*
StateSwitch
Coloradofrom Obama lean
to Toss Up Obama
Floridafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Michigan
from Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Missourifrom Toss Up McCain
to Toss Up Obama
Montanafrom McCain lean
to Toss Up McCain
Nevadafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
New Mexicofrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Virginiafrom Toss Up Obama
to Obama lean
*Weighted Average within a fraction of a point of changing categories.

The striking thing is that Montana is really the lone red state represented on the Watch List. Every other state is operating within the toss up McCain to Strong Obama categories. Sure, there are three states and 52 electoral votes that could shift into that McCain toss up category, but even that looks tough for McCain given how the momentum in the race is moving. And even though there is something of a mixed message from the polling out so far today, it doesn't really seem to be shifting wholesale toward McCain, at least not in a way that is going to move enough electoral votes to push him over 270.


Recent Posts:
While You Wait for the New Map, Here's a...Map

The Electoral College Map (10/23/08)

What the Bradley Effect Might Look Like

While You Wait for the New Map, Here's a...Map

Here is an interesting map the Obama campaign has put together to track mailers and robocalls the McCain campaign has been using recently. Good stuff and not surprisingly, there are an awful lot of points over North Carolina and Virginia. But McCain has made some moves in Maine, New Mexico and Wisconsin as well.

[Yeah, I'm a sucker for maps.]


Recent Posts:
The Electoral College Map (10/23/08)

What the Bradley Effect Might Look Like

The Electoral College Map (10/22/08)

Thursday, October 23, 2008

The Electoral College Map (10/23/08)

It seems silly to talk about Wednesday's polls in light of the release of another round of pre- and post-debate polls from Quinnipiac and another installment of polls from the Big 10 consortium. However, I will press on and deal with Wednesday and get back on schedule tonight with an update that includes those polls. FHQ apologizes for the less-than-timely release of the electoral college updates the last couple of days, but it is midterm time and my "real" job is calling.

New Polls (Oct. 22)
StatePollMargin
Florida
Mason-Dixon/NBC
+1
Kentucky
Rasmussen
+8
Maine
Pan Atlantic SMS
+12
Nevada
CNN
+5
North Carolina
CNN
+4
North Carolina
WSOC
+2
Ohio
CNN
+4
Tennessee
Rasmussen
+12
Virginia
CNN
+10
Virginia
Mason-Dixon/NBC
+2
Washington
Elway
+19
West Virginia
Rainmaker
+0.4
West VirginiaCNN
+9
West VirginiaOrion Strategies (9/22)
+11
West VirginiaOrion Strategies (10/21)
+5.7
Wisconsin
WPR/St. Norbert
+13
Wisconsin
Research 2000
+11

Anyway, Wednesday brought us 17 new polls from 11 states, including four polls from West Virginia. A couple of those Mountain state polls are back-dated, and even though there is some conflict between the results, the raw average is right around where the state is expected to be: right in the middle to upper end of the McCain lean category. Now, that raw average of those four polls runs a little above where our graduated weighted average has West Virginia currently, but both measures would put the state in the same category. West Virginia jumped into the toss up category recently following the ARG poll that gave Obama an eight point lead there, but since, the Mountain state has drifted back in McCain's direction.

And though West Virginia is still an interesting state to watch, it certainly isn't among the states that we should be eyeing most with just under two weeks to go until election day. Among those states closest to the partisan line -- those closest to having their electoral votes go to the opposite candidate -- Florida, Nevada, Ohio and Virginia all had new polls on Wednesday. Mason-Dixon's small McCain advantage echoed the same one point margin for the Arizona senator that Rasmussen had shown earlier in the week. However, Florida holds steady in Obama toss up territory, but only just barely.

Mason-Dixon also had a poll out in Virginia that pegged the race in the Old Dominion as a two point Obama lead. Given the recent polling in Virginia and the other poll out of the state today -- CNN +10 -- Mason-Dixon's margin looks like an outlier. It could be, however, that it is a sign of a new trend, but we'll have to wait for more information to draw that conclusion.

CNN had polls in both Nevada and Ohio that showed Obama up 5 and 4 points, respectively. Each is on par with where the post-Lehman polling shows the two states. In fact, Nevada is on the verge of slipping off the Watch List (see below). The only reason that the Silver state remains on the list is that only after rounding up does the state's average reach one point. But Nevada is within a few one-thousandths of a point of joining Virginia in a more comfortable position within the toss up category -- if there is such a thing -- for Obama.
[Click Map to Enlarge]

Other than those hotly contested states, the polls in the remaining states are right around where we've come to expect them to be in recent weeks. North Carolina is still noteworthy because there continues to be pro-Obama polling in the Tar Heel state. The result is that North Carolina is slowly but surely making its way closer to a complete dead heat in this race. [I'll have a little more on this as a follow up to our earlier North Carolina discussion later in the day.]

The Electoral College Spectrum*
HI-4
(7)**
ME-4
(157)
NH-4
(264/278)
WV-5
(160)
LA-9
(67)
VT-3
(10)
WA-11
(168)
CO-9***
(273/274)
MT-3
(155)
KY-8
(58)
RI-4
(14)
NJ-15
(183)
VA-13
(286/265)
GA-15
(152)
TN-11
(50)
MA-12
(26)
OR-7
(190)
NV-5
(291/252)
SD-3
(137)
KS-6
(39)
MD-10
(36)
IA-7
(197)
OH-20
(311/247)
MS-6
(134)
NE-5
(33)
IL-21
(57)
WI-10
(207)
FL-27
(338/227)
TX-34
(128)
AL-9
(28)
NY-31
(88)
MN-10
(217)
MO-11
(349/200)
AR-6
(94)
WY-3
(19)
DE-3
(91)
PA-21
(238)
NC-15
(364/189)
AK-3
(88)
ID-4
(16)
CT-7
(98)
NM-5
(243)
IN-11
(375/174)
SC-8
(85)
OK-7
(12)
CA-55
(153)
MI-17
(260)
ND-3
(163)
AZ-10
(77)
UT-5
(5)
*Follow the link for a detailed explanation on how to read the Electoral College Spectrum.
**The numbers in the parentheses refer to the number of electoral votes a candidate would have if he won all the states ranked prior to that state. If, for example, McCain won all the states up to and including Colorado (all Obama's toss up states plus Colorado), he would have 274 electoral votes. Both candidates numbers are only totaled through their rival's toss up states. In those cases, Obama's number is on the left and McCain's is on the right in italics.

***
Colorado is the state where Obama crosses (or McCain would cross) the 270 electoral vote threshold to win the presidential election. That line is referred to as the victory line. It is currently favoring Obama, thus the blue text in that cell.

But none of Wednesday's polls shifted any of the states represented enough to trigger a change in categories. The map and the underlying electoral vote distribution remain unchanged from a day ago. Obama maintains a 338-200 electoral vote advantage and is comfortable enough in enough states at this point that a win on November 4 seems more likely with each passing day; especially if that day is one where McCain has not been able to take over the media narrative. And even if there is a Bradley effect involved in the polling being conducted, it is likely not at a level that will affect the overall outcome projected here.

The Watch List*
StateSwitch
Coloradofrom Obama lean
to Toss Up Obama
Floridafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Indianafrom Toss Up McCain
to McCain lean
Minnesotafrom Strong Obama
to Obama lean
Missourifrom Toss Up McCain
to Toss Up Obama
Nevadafrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
New Mexicofrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Ohiofrom Toss Up Obama
to Toss Up McCain
Pennsylvaniafrom Obama lean
to Strong Obama
Virginiafrom Toss Up Obama
to Obama lean
*Weighted Average within a fraction of a point of changing categories.

We have already mentioned the Big 10 and Quinnipiac polls out this morning and within each are five of the ten states on our Watch List -- the states most likely to switch categories given new polling. That said, find your way back over to FHQ for an update that incorporates those polls to see what effect they have had.


Recent Posts:
What the Bradley Effect Might Look Like

The Electoral College Map (10/22/08)

Map Update Coming...